외로움이라는 장벽, 인정이라는 열쇠? : 액티브 시니어의 생성형 AI 사용 의도에 대한 자기결정성 이론 기반 혼합방법 활용 탐색

초록

As population ageing and digital transformation converge, loneliness is widely treated as a driver of older adults’ adoption of generative AI, yet it may operate as an affective barrier. Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT) and the healthy ageing paradigm, this study reconceptualized UTAUT’s performance expectancy as relational performance expectancy and introduced negative affective expectancy as its symmetrical counterpart. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design combined a survey of Seoul-metropolitan active seniors (N = 408) with in-depth interviews (N = 20). Structural equation modeling showed full mediation: loneliness was negatively associated with intention to use generative AI through lower relational performance expectancy and higher negative affective expectancy, with no direct effect. Qualitatively, intensely lonely participants perceived AI as a psychological burden, yet this inhibition reversed when depletion of interpersonal resources coincided with the expectation of nonjudgmental recognition. Autonomy and relatedness satisfaction predicted lower loneliness via active ageing, whereas the competence path was nonsignificant. Findings recast loneliness as an affective barrier and inform recognition-oriented digital inclusion for older adults.

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