타자 돌봄으로서 레비나스의 '타자 윤리'와 철학상담

초록

Korean society is in conflict in various areas such as politics, generation, and gender. There are many reasons behind the conflict, but fundamentally, selfish and exclusive subject-centered thinking lies at the heart of it. Self-centered subjects reject and antagonize others rather than respect others and cooperate with others. This paper examines this trend from the perspective of Levinas’s ‘ethics philosophy of others’. Levinas criticizes the fact that Western philosophy has traditionally reduced the other to the subsidiary existence of the subject, and emphasizes the ethical relationship between the faces of the other. He explains the inherent metaphysical nature of humans as an ethics that goes beyond the subject and toward the other, and emphasizes an ethics in contrast to the enjoyment of a subject-centered relationship. Levinas’s characteristics of other ethics are revealed through the concepts of ‘the face of the other’, ‘speaking’, and ‘hospitality’. This is deeply related to the problems our society is experiencing, such as online anonymity and non-face-to-face, media bias, and excessive competition centered on performance. Above all, the problem here is the fact that there is only the subject and there is no other. In other words, we can define the characteristics of our society as the disappearance of ‘the face of the other’, ‘conversation with the other’, and ‘the hospitality of the other’. The purpose of this paper is to analyze these problems in our society from the perspective of Levinas’s ethical philosophy of the other, and at the same time, seek solutions from the standpoint of healing philosophical counseling, which fundamentally aims to care for others. To this end, it is necessary to change thinking from the subject-centered to the other. Because without this change of perception of others, you can never understand or heal others. And this shift of perception begins with the recognition of the uniqueness, absolute-ness, and transcendence of the individual other according to the subject. Philosophical counseling can be said to be a healing process that constantly transcends toward this absolutely impossible other.

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