일제 식민지기 死者공간의 배치와 이미지 형성 - 공동묘지와 화장장을 중심으로 -

초록

The Japanese Government-General of Korea legislated “the Regulation of Cemetery, Burial and Cremation”(the Regulation of Cemetery) in 1912. Modern cemeteries were formed by the regulation. These cemeteries were embraced very slowly in Korea, but the places were expelled from colonial cities. There was distinct separation by ethnic groups in the places of the dead. The separation made Koreans to reconfirm and imagine ethnic discrimination. Not only that, crematoriums where Japanese used mostly made conflicts in the colony. In conflicts over private cemeteries, however, a social class was more important factor. Especially the places of the dead became a field of class conflicts by the revision of the regulation in 1919 and 1921. The regulation was not a target of resistance any more but a basis of claims in the conflicts. The colonial power stepped back from the problems in the name of the law. But they remained a spectator in only specific situations that Korean didn’t cross the line. The places were rearranged spatially and cognitively in these processes. The rearrangement of the places had an effect on forming new images of death. The places of the dead were awful and sacred in traditional Korea, but the cemeteries and the crematoriums became unsanitary and ominous in colonial period. Especially the crematoriums made more negative images than the cemeteries. The crematoriums were regarded as disposal facilities. But at the same time, the crematoriums had an image of modern factories. Meanwhile, the colonial power gave new image to the places after the mid 1930’s when was put on a war footing. They made war memorials and cemeteries as sacred places. There should be no ethnic distinction in these places. They wanted to make the places as the sacred places for the war, so they promoted a campaign of beautification for the cemeteries. The places of the dead in the colonial period had the contradictory images simultaneously. The death was not only a memorial but also filth in modern Korea. It is very different from the traditional status of the death, and it can be said of the one output of the colonial modernity.

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