Characterizing the critical challenges of Li-metal solid-state batteries: From micrometer to centimeter

초록

Lithium-metal solid-state batteries (LiMSSBs) are potentially one of the most promising next-generation battery technologies that can enable high energy density without compromising safety. However, their implementation on a practical level has yet to be demonstrated due to the incompatibility of solid-state components, electro-chemo-mechanical interfacial degradation, and ultimately, dendrite formation which limits practical operation. In this article, we systematically address the key challenges at various length scales from interfacial issues at the material level to system-level challenges at the more practical cell level, where characterization tools and methodologies are presented to shed light on the main degradation mechanisms. A full suite of tools ranging from electrochemical and chemical analysis to microscopy are recommended with the limitations and capabilities of each discussed. Finally, an outlook on how these techniques can accelerate the further development of next-generation LiMSSBs is discussed.

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