또 다른 문명화 사명? 난민정책을 중심으로 본 유엔의 동티모르 통치(1999-2002)에 대한 비판적 연구

초록

This paper aims to examine the refugee policy of UNTAET (the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor). Scholarship on UNTAET has focused on how effectively and legitimately UNTAET carried out its mission, relying on the UN’s internal documents. These studies are mainly concerned about improving the UN’s peace-keeping mission at the policy level and thus fail to problematize the UN’s superior position to the Timorese context and to pay attention to East Timorese evaluations on UNTAET. Through an examination of the refugee policy, however, this paper tries to explore why and how UNTAET failed to strengthen East Timorese self-governing capacity. Based on field research, it argues that UNTAET made Timorese into an object of its own mission for East Timor, thus failing to help Timorese to become the subject of their own governance; it also argues that UNTAET uncritically applied a Western view on person and society to Timorese society; and it argues that UNTAET failed to utilize Timorese institutional potential, especially that of the Catholic Church. Therefore, UNTAET’s patronizing governance results from the fact that UNTAET made itself transcend the local culture and political context. UNTAET’s refugee policy illustrates the danger of unintended consequence that unreflective global governance can hinder local self-government capacity.

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