How Do Experts and Novices Differ? Relation Versus Attribute and Thinking Versus Feeling in Language Use

초록

How do experts and novices differ? This has been a question of fundamental importance in the field of cognitive science. Most research has focused on the analysis of indirect indicators following paradigms of experimental psychology. In our study, we adopted a more exploratory method to understand expertise at a mechanistic level. We analyzed 109 experts' and 105 novices' language use and found common and stable aspects among experts as well as differences between experts and novices. The most important characteristic of the language use of experts is its strong tendency toward relations between attributes and organization, as opposed to reliance on attributes themselves and emotion. Other noteworthy distinctions in language between experts and novices are also discussed.

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