이태원 참사 관련 유튜브 댓글의 비윤리성: Transformer와 BERTopic, 프롬프트엔지니어링을 통한 내용분석을 중심으로

초록

This study sought to identify the characteristics of the online public sphere by analyzing YouTube comments related to the Itaewon tragedy of October 29, 2022. A Transformer-based unethical comment classification and BERTopic modeling were conducted on 33,570 comments collected from 51 videos regarding the Itaewon tragedy, posted by broadcast media, conservative, and progressive YouTube channels. The analysis showed that 22,827 comments (68%) were unethical, and that there were significant differences in the proportion of unethical comments and topic distribution according to the political orientation of the YouTube channels and the content frames. Compared to progressive or broadcast media channels, conservative YouTube channels had the highest proportion of unethical comments (75.21%). The conflict frame also showed a higher proportion of unethical comments (72.12%) compared to the human interest and causality frames. The topic analysis revealed that government accountability and conspiracy theories were major topics. It was confirmed that conspiratorial comments appeared on conservative YouTube channels, suggesting the Itaewon tragedy might have been planned by specific factions. The significance of this study lies in its empirical analysis of the characteristics of discourse in the online public sphere concerning the Itaewon tragedy, and of the influence of YouTube channels and content frames.

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