직진하는 남성, 경유하는 여성: 액티브 시니어의 생성형 AI 사용의도에 대한 젠더 비대칭적 경로의 혼합방법 활용 탐색

초록

Although research on older adults has long assumed that psychological resources translate into technology adoption, whether gendered caregiving structures that constrain resource formation are linked to this mechanism remains insufficiently examined. Integrating self-determination theory and feminist care theory, this study adopts a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design with active seniors in the Seoul metropolitan area to examine how the psychological mechanism leading to generative AI use intention differs by gender. The pathway from autonomy satisfaction through collectivistic self-esteem and self-efficacy to use intention was first tested via multi-group latent-variable sequential mediation modeling (N = 408), and the contextual conditions underlying the observed asymmetry were then explored through reflexive thematic analysis of in-depth interviews (N = 20). Autonomy satisfaction predicted collectivistic self-esteem in both groups; however, its direct effect on self-efficacy reached significance only among men, while the sequential indirect effect and collectivistic self-esteem’s direct effect on self-efficacy were stronger among women. Qualitative analysis revealed five conditions constraining autonomy － chronic time pressure, internalized family-first norms, psychological burden from conflict-mediation roles, emotional exhaustion, and resignation － and a purpose-legitimacy gate blocking goal-setting prior to use-intention formation. Although adaptive strategies emerged, the caregiving structure operated as a dual mechanism simultaneously constraining autonomy and activating in-group recognition, confining responses to accommodations within caregiving norms. We conceptualize these patterns as a “gendered conversion structure” and discuss their implications.

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