신라 중대 花郞徒와 國學

초록

Until the time when king Munmu of Silla successfully completed the Silla-Tang War, Hwarangdo remained a warrior group. When the war ended, however, Kim heumdol’s revolt led to king Sinmun remarkably weakening the role and function of the Hwarangdo because of. Instead, he improved the function of the Gukhak, a school system in Silla, to recruit talent. His action was aimed at selecting people who had Confucian knowledge through Gukhak, as opposed to through Hwarangdo. This was his continuous and well-organized plan to demand and supply human resources. However, Hwarangdo was newly born during the Hyoso Dinasty. King Hyoso couldn't ignore the requests of the noblesse, so to reduce complaints of the young men from Jingol and six bone rank, he restored Hwarangdo. The king then allowed Guksun to lead the Hwarangdo rather than Pungwolju because the king compromised with aristocracy. Thus, the newly born Hwarangdo was different from that of the middle Ages with respect to the roles and functions. The warrior personality almost disappeared and turned into a group that only played a role in assuaging the discontent of young people who failed to enter Gukhak. In Gyeongdeok dynasty, Hwarangdo lost its role of recruiting talent due to the new readjustment of the Gukhak. However, this did not change Hwarangdo into an amusement association, as was the case with existed research. The children of those who emigrated from Goguryeo and Baekje also entered Hwarangdo, and they played a big role in Silla becoming one big society. In this regard, the reformation of Gukhak by King Sinmun affected the loss of the essential function of Hwarangdo. By contrast, with the political changes of the Middle Ages and the revival of the Nokeup, a taxation system in Silla, Hwarangdo found a new way to be maintained. These changes in Hwarangdo later affected Silla. In addition, as shown in the examples of the rebellion by Hwarang Myeonggi and Allak, Hwarangdo moved faster with the process of deterioration, not change.

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