자유관계사 who의 제한적 사용과한국 중등 영어 교육적 함의

초록

This paper examines the restricted use of free-relative who in present-day English and its implications for Korean secondary English grammar education. The discussion begins by contrasting the familiar motto [Who dares] wins with the markedly less acceptable *[Who cheats] loses. It then reviews the asymmetry between what free relatives and who free relatives, drawing on Huddleston et al. (2022), Patterson and Caponigro (2016), and Stockwell and Schütze (2022). Particular attention is given to Stockwell and Schütze’s claim that who free relatives can be more acceptable when they occur as copular complements or as transparent free relatives. The paper argues, however, that [Who you become] depends on [what you read] is not directly explained by either environment. While [Who you become] and [what you read] can be paraphrased as standard free relatives meaning “the person who you become” and “the things that you read,” respectively, the sentence is more naturally translated into Korean as an embedded interrogative. Comparison with Huddleston et al.’s ambiguous example [What she wrote] is unclear further highlights the difficulty of distinguishing free relatives from embedded interrogatives on the basis of Korean translation alone. It concludes that, in Korean secondary English education, such wh-clauses should first be introduced broadly as noun clauses and that finer distinctions between free relatives and embedded interrogatives should be postponed until they are pedagogically useful.

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